(1) \u672c\u7bc7\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9192\u65b0\u624b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u521d\u5b78\u5e38\u72af\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\uff08\u5176\u5be6\u8001\u624b\u4e5f\u5e38\u72af:-Q)\u3002
\n\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u8acb\u81ea\u5df1\u597d\u597d\u7814\u8b80\u4e00\u5169\u672c C \u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u597d\u66f8\uff0c
\n\u4e26\u591a\u591a\u5be6\u4f5c\u7df4\u7fd2\u3002<\/p>\n
(2) \u5f37\u70c8\u5efa\u8b70\u65b0\u624b\u5148\u770b\u904e\u6b64\u6587\u518d\u767c\u554f\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6975\u53ef\u80fd\u6b64\u6587\u5df2\u7d93\u63d0\u51fa\u4e26
\n\u89e3\u7b54\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
(3) \u4ee5\u4e0b\u6240\u8209\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u4e0a\u5370\u51fa\u548c\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c
\n\u90a3\u53ea\u662f\u4e0d\u8db3\u70ba\u6043\u7684\u4e00\u6642\u50e5\u5016\u3002<\/p>\n
(4) \u4e0d\u5b88\u5341\u8aa1\u8005\uff0c\u8f15\u5247\u57f7\u884c\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\u6578\u64da\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7576\u6389\uff0c\u91cd\u5247
\n\u5f15\u7206\u6838\u5f48\u3001\u6bc0\u6ec5\u5730\u7403\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684 C \u7a0b\u5f0f\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u5f48\u767c\u5c04\u5668\u7684\u8a71\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u4e00\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5c1a\u672a\u7d66\u4e88\u9069\u7576\u521d\u503c\u7684\u8b8a\u6578\u3002<\/p>\n
int accumulate(int max) \/* \u5f9e 1 \u7d2f\u52a0\u5230 max\uff0c\u50b3\u56de\u7d50\u679c *\/
\n{
\nint sum; \/* \u672a\u7d66\u4e88\u521d\u503c\u7684\u5340\u57df\u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u5176\u5167\u5bb9\u503c\u662f\u5783\u573e *\/
\nint num;
\nfor (num = 1; num <= max; num++) {
\nsum += num;
\n}
\nreturn sum;
\n}<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nint accumulate(int max)
\n{
\nint sum = 0; \/* \u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8ce6\u4e88\u9069\u7576\u7684\u521d\u503c *\/
\nint num;
\nfor (num = 1; num <= max; num++) {
\nsum += num;
\n}
\nreturn sum;
\n}<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u53d6\u8d85\u904e\u9663\u5217\u65e2\u5b9a\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nint str[5];
\nint i;
\nfor (i = 0; i <= 5; i++) str[i] = i;<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nint str[5];
\nint i;
\nfor (i = 0; i < 5; i++) str[i] = i;<\/p>\n
\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a\u5ba3\u544a\u9663\u5217\u6642\uff0c\u6240\u7d66\u7684\u9663\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u500b\u6578\u503c\u5982\u679c\u662f N, \u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5f8c\u9762
\n\u900f\u904e [\u7d22\u5f15\u503c] \u5b58\u53d6\u5176\u5143\u7d20\u6642\uff0c\u6240\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u7bc4\u570d\u662f\u5f9e 0 \u5230 N-1,
\n\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f C \u548c C++ \u7684\u9663\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5f9e\u7b2c 0 \u500b\u958b\u59cb\u7b97\u8d77\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b\u5143\u7d20\u7684
\n\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u662f N-1, \u4e0d\u662f N\u3002<\/p>\n
C\/C++ \u70ba\u4e86\u57f7\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u6aa2\u67e5\u9663\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u904e\u9663\u5217\u908a\u754c\uff0c
\n\u6211\u5011\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u5beb\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4f86\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e0d\u6703\u8d8a\u754c\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u7121\u6cd5\u9810\u671f\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6(dereference)\u4e0d\u77e5\u6307\u5411\u4f55\u65b9\u7684\u6307\u6a19\uff08\u5305\u542b null \u6307\u6a19\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nchar *pc1; \/* \u672a\u7d66\u4e88\u521d\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u6307\u5411\u4f55\u65b9 *\/
\nchar *pc2 = 0; \/* pc2 \u8d77\u59cb\u5316\u70ba null pointer *\/
\n*pc1 = 'a'; \/* \u5c07 'a' \u5beb\u5230\u4e0d\u77e5\u4f55\u65b9\uff0c\u932f\u8aa4 *\/
\n*pc2 = 'b'; \/* \u5c07 'b' \u5beb\u5230\u300c\u4f4d\u57400\u300d\uff0c\u932f\u8aa4 *\/<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nchar c; \/* c \u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u5c1a\u672a\u8d77\u59cb\u5316 *\/
\nchar *pc1 = &c; \/* pc1 \u6307\u5411\u5b57\u5143\u8b8a\u6578 c *\/<\/p>\n
\/* \u52d5\u614b\u5206\u914d 10 \u500b char(\u5176\u503c\u672a\u5b9a),\u4e26\u5c07\u7b2c\u4e00\u500bchar\u7684\u4f4d\u5740\u8ce6\u503c\u7d66 pc2 *\/
\nchar *pc2 = (char *)malloc(10);
\n*pc1 = 'a'; \/* c \u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u8b8a\u70ba 'a' *\/
\npc2[0] = 'b'; \/* \u52d5\u614b\u914d\u7f6e\u4f86\u7684\u7b2c 0 \u500b\u5b57\u5143\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u8b8a\u70ba 'b'
\n\/* \u6700\u5f8c\u8a18\u5f97 free() \u6389 malloc() \u6240\u5206\u914d\u7684\u7a7a\u9593 *\/
\nfree(pc2);<\/p>\n
\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a\u6307\u6a19\u8b8a\u6578\u5fc5\u9700\u5148\u6307\u5411\u67d0\u500b\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u6771\u897f(object)\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u9032\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u5b57\u4e32\u5e38\u6578\u8ce6\u503c(assign)\u7d66 char* \u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u900f\u904e\u8a72\u8b8a\u6578
\n\u6539\u5beb\u5b57\u4e32\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff08\u53ea\u80fd\u8b80\u4e0d\u80fd\u5beb\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nchar* pc = \"john\";
\n*pc = 'J';
\nprintf(\"Hello, %s\\n\", pc);<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nchar pc[] = \"john\";
\n*pc = 'J'; \/* \u6216 pc[0] = 'J'; *\/
\nprintf(\"Hello, %s\\n\", pc);<\/p>\n
\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a\u5b57\u4e32\u5e38\u6578\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u552f\u8b80\u7684\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u5c07\u5176\u5167\u5bb9\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u5740\u8ce6
\n\u503c\u7d66\u5b57\u5143\u6307\u6a19 pc, \u6211\u5011\u900f\u904e\u6307\u6a19\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u8b80\u8a72\u5b57\u4e32\u5e38\u6578\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u505a
\n\u5beb\u5165\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u5ba3\u544a\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5b57\u5143\u9663\u5217\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u6211\u5011
\n\u672a\u660e\u6587\u6307\u5b9a\uff08[]\uff09\uff0c\u7de8\u8b6f\u5668\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u5c07\u5176\u8a2d\u70ba\u525b\u597d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7d0d\u5f8c\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u5e38\u6578\u8d77\u59cb
\n\u503c\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b57\u4e32\u5f8c\u9762\u96b1\u542b\u7684 '\\0' \u5b57\u5143\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5b57\u4e32\u5e38\u6578\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u8907\u88fd\u5230\u5b57\u5143
\n\u9663\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5c0d\u8a72\u5b57\u5143\u9663\u5217\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u9032\u884c\u8b80\u548c\u5beb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50(2)\uff1a
\nchar *s1 = \"Hello, \";
\nchar *s2 = \"world!\";
\n\/* strcat() \u4e0d\u6703\u53e6\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u53ea\u6703\u5c07\u8cc7\u6599\u9644\u52a0\u5230 s1 \u6240\u6307\u552f\u8b80\u5b57\u4e32\u7684\u5f8c\u9762\uff0c
\n\u9020\u6210\u5beb\u5165\u5230\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7121\u6b0a\u78b0\u89f8\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u7a7a\u9593 *\/
\nchar *s3 = strcat(s1, s2);<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50(2)\uff1a
\n\/* s1 \u5ba3\u544a\u6210\u9663\u5217\uff0c\u4e26\u4fdd\u7559\u8db3\u5920\u7a7a\u9593\u5b58\u653e\u5f8c\u7e8c\u8981\u9644\u52a0\u7684\u5167\u5bb9 *\/
\nchar s1[20] = \"Hello, \";
\nchar *s2 = \"world!\";
\n\/* \u56e0\u70ba strcat() \u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7b49\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 s3 \u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e86 *\/
\nstrcat(s1, s2);<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0d\u5c1a\u672a\u5206\u914d\u6240\u6307\u7a7a\u9593\u7684 char* \u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u9032\u884c(\u5b57\u4e32)\u9663\u5217\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u5176\u4ed6\u578b\u5225\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u4ea6\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nchar *name; \/* name \u5c1a\u672a\u6307\u5411\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7a7a\u9593 *\/
\nprintf(\"Your name, please: \");
\ngets(name);
\nprintf(\"Hello, %s\\n\", name);<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50(1)\uff1a
\n\/* \u5982\u679c\u7de8\u8b6f\u671f\u5c31\u80fd\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5b57\u4e32\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u5ba3\u544a\u6210 char* \u6539\u7528 char[] *\/
\nchar name[21]; \/* \u5b57\u4e32\u6700\u9577 20 \u500b\u5b57\u5143\uff0c\u53e6\u52a0\u4e00\u500b '\\0' *\/
\nprintf(\"Your name, please: \");
\ngets(name);
\nprintf(\"Hello, %s\\n\", name);<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50(2)\uff1a
\n\/* \u82e5\u662f\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u671f\u624d\u80fd\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5b57\u4e32\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u5247\u9700\u5229\u7528 malloc() \u51fd\u5f0f\u4f86\u52d5\u614b
\n\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u9593 *\/<\/p>\n
size_t length;
\nchar *name;
\nprintf(\"\u8acb\u8f38\u5165\u5b57\u4e32\u7684\u6700\u5927\u9577\u5ea6(\u542bnull\u5b57\u5143): \");
\nscanf(\"%u\", &length);
\nname = (char *)malloc(length);
\nprintf(\"Your name, please: \");
\nscanf(\"%s\", name);
\nprintf(\"Hello, %s\\n\", name);
\n\/* \u6700\u5f8c\u8a18\u5f97 free() \u6389 malloc() \u6240\u5206\u914d\u7684\u7a7a\u9593 *\/
\nfree(name);<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0a\u4f8b\u7528 gets() \u6216 scanf() \u4f86\u8b80\u5165\u5b57\u4e32\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002 \u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u51fd\u5f0f
\n\u4e0d\u6703\u5e6b\u6211\u5011\u6aa2\u67e5\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6240\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u9577\u5ea6\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u904e\u6211\u5011\u6240\u5206\u914d\u7684 buffer \u7a7a\u9593\uff0c
\n\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u767c\u751f buffer overflow\u3002\u6bd4\u8f03\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u7528 fgets() \u4f86\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
char *p;
\nchar name[21];
\nprintf(\"Your name, please: \");
\nfgets(name, sizeof(name), stdin);
\n\/* fgets()\u6703\u9023\u884c\u672b\u7684'\\n'\u4e5f\u8b80\u9032\u5b57\u4e32\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u5b58\u5165'\\n'\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u586b\u5165 '\\0'
\nif ((p = strchr(name, '\\n')) != NULL)
\n*p = '\\0';
\nprintf(\"Hello, %s\\n\", name);<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51fd\u5f0f\u4e2d\u56de\u50b3\u4e00\u500b\u6307\u5411\u5340\u57df\u6027\u81ea\u52d5\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u3002\u5426\u5247\uff0c\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u5783\u573e\u503c\u3002
\n[\u611f\u8b1d gocpp \u7db2\u53cb\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4f8b\u5b50]<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nchar *getstr(char *name)
\n{
\nchar buf[30] = \"hello, \"; \/*\u5c07\u5b57\u4e32\u5e38\u6578\"hello, \"\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u8907\u88fd\u5230buf\u9663\u5217*\/
\nstrcat(buf, name);
\nreturn buf;
\n}<\/p>\n
\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a\u5340\u57df\u6027\u81ea\u52d5\u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u5728\u96e2\u958b\u8a72\u5340\u57df\u6642(\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u5f9egetstr\u51fd\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u6642)
\n\u88ab\u6d88\u6ec5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u547c\u53eb\u7aef\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u5167\u5bb9\u5c31\u5931\u6548\u4e86\u3002\u3010\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5012\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e
\n\u51fd\u5f0f\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u50b3\u56de\u5b57\u4e32\u5e38\u6578\uff0c\u8ce6\u503c\u7d66\u547c\u53eb\u7aef\u7684\u4e00\u500b const char * \u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u5b83\u65e2\u662f\u552f
\n\u8b80\u7684\uff08\u53c3\u898b\u7b2c\u56db\u8aa1\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u6052\u5e38\u7684\u5132\u5b58\u671f(static storage duration),\u5176
\n\u5167\u5bb9\u5c07\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u6548\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nvoid getstr(char buf[], int buflen, char const *name)
\n{
\nchar const s[] = \"hello, \";
\nassert(strlen(s) + strlen(name) < buflen);<\/p>\n
strcpy(buf, s);
\nstrcat(buf, name);
\n}<\/p>\n
[\u91dd\u5c0d\u5b57\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cC++\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b89\u5168\u7684 string class, \u80fd\u7528\u5c31\u76e1\u91cf\u7528]
\n#include <string>
\nusing std::string;<\/p>\n
string getstr(string const &name)
\n{
\nreturn string(\"hello, \") += name;
\n}<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u505a malloc(), \u800c\u4e0d\u505a\u76f8\u61c9\u7684 free(). \u5426\u5247\u6703\u9020\u6210\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u6f0f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f\u7528 malloc() \u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5 free()\u3002\u5df2\u7d93 free()\u4e86
\n\u6240\u6307\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u7684\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u584a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u5206\u914d\u5f97\u4f86\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef
\n\u4ee5\u518d\u88ab free()\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6(dereference)\u9019\u500b\u6307\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n
[C++] \u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u505a new, \u800c\u4e0d\u505a\u76f8\u61c9\u7684 delete.<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6578\u503c\u904b\u7b97\u3001\u8ce6\u503c\u6216\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e2d\u96a8\u610f\u6df7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u578b\u5225\u7684\u6578\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8b39\u614e\u8003
\n\u616e\u6578\u503c\u578b\u5225\u8f49\u63db\u53ef\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u300c\u610f\u5916\u9a5a\u559c\u300d\uff08\u932f\u6115\uff09\u3002\u5fc5\u9808\u96a8\u6642\u6ce8\u610f\u6578\u503c\u904b\u7b97
\n\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5176\u7bc4\u570d\u662f\u5426\u6703\u8d85\u51fa\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u578b\u5225\u3002<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50(1)\uff1a
\nunsigned int sum = 2000000000 + 2000000000; \/* 20 \u5104 *\/
\ndouble f = 10 \/ 3;<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50(1)\uff1a
\n\/* \u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u7528 unsigned int, \u6ce8\u610f\u6578\u5b57\u5f8c\u9762\u7684 u, \u5927\u5beb U \u4e5f\u6210 *\/
\nunsigned int sum = 2000000000u + 2000000000u;<\/p>\n
\/* \u6216\u662f\u7528\u986f\u5f0f\u7684\u8f49\u578b *\/
\nunsigned int sum = (unsigned int)2000000000 + 2000000000;<\/p>\n
double f = 10.0 \/ 3.0;<\/p>\n
\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u666e\u904d\u768432\u4f4d\u5143PC\u4f5c\u696d\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u6574\u6578\u5e38\u65782000000000\u7684\u578b\u5225\u70ba
\nsigned int(\u7c21\u5beb\u70ba int)\uff0c\u76f8\u52a0\u5f8c\uff0c\u5176\u7d50\u679c\u4ecd\u70ba int, \u4f46\u662f signed int
\n\u653e\u4e0d\u4e0b 4000000000, \u9020\u6210\u7b97\u8853\u6ea2\u4f4d(arithmetic overflow)\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u7121\u6cd5
\n\u5c07\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u503c\u6307\u6d3e\u7d66 unsigned int sum\uff0c\u7e31\u4f7f unsigned int \u653e\u5f97\u4e0b4000000000
\n\u7684\u6578\u503c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5beb\u6210<\/p>\n
unsigned int sum = (unsigned int)(2000000000 + 2000000000);<\/p>\n
\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5b50(2)\uff1a\uff08\u611f\u8b1d sekya \u7db2\u53cb\u63d0\u4f9b\uff09
\nunsigned char a = 0x80;
\nchar b = 0x80; \/* implementation-defined result *\/
\nif( a == 0x80 ) { \/* \u6052\u771f *\/
\nprintf( \"a ok\\n\" );
\nif( b == 0x80 ) { \/* \u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6052\u771f *\/
\nprintf( \"b ok\\n\" );
\n}<\/p>\n
\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a\u5728\u5c07 char \u578b\u5225\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u7bc4\u570d\u5f9e -128 \u81f3 +127 \u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\uff0cint 0x80
\n\uff08\u5176\u503c\u7b49\u65bc +128\uff09\u8981\u8f49\u6210 char \u6703\u653e\u4e0d\u4e0b\uff0c\u6703\u7522\u751f\u7de8\u8b6f\u5668\u81ea\u884c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u503c\u3002
\n\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5c31\u4e0d\u5177\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u904b\u7b97\u5f0f(expression)\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u578b\u614b\u7684\u8b8a\u6578\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u503c
\n\u8d85\u904e\u4e00\u6b21\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u5426\u5247\uff0c\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u672a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u884c\u70ba(undefined behavior)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nint i = 7;
\nint j = ++i + i++;<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nint i = 7;
\nint j = ++i;
\nj += i++;<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u904b\u7b97\u5f0f(expression)\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u578b\u614b\u7684\u8b8a\u6578\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u503c\uff0c
\n\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u5f0f\u5b50\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u70ba\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u5b58\u53d6\u8a72\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u503c\u3002\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u7684\uff0c
\n\u662f\u6307\u4e0d\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8a08\u7b97\u9019\u500b\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u65b0\u503c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff09\u3002\u5426\u5247\uff0c\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u672a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nint arr[5];
\nint i = 0;
\narr[i] = i++;<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nint arr[5];
\nint i = 0;
\narr[i] = i;
\ni++;<\/p>\n
[C++\u7a0b\u5f0f]
\n\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nint i = 10;
\ncout << i << \"==\" << i++;<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\nint i = 10;
\ncout << i << \"==\";
\ncout << i++;<\/p>\n
\u5341\u3001\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728macro\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u500b\u5225\u52a0\u4e0a\u62ec\u865f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\n#include <stdio.h>
\n#define SQUARE(x) (x * x)
\nint main()
\n{
\nprintf(\"%d\\n\", SQUARE(10-5));
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u78ba\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a
\n#include <stdio.h>
\n#define SQUARE(x) ((x) * (x))
\nint main()
\n{
\nprintf(\"%d\\n\", SQUARE(10-5));
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n
\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7528 C++, \u8acb\u591a\u591a\u5229\u7528 inline function \u4f86\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684 macro,
\n\u4ee5\u514d\u9664 macro \u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u5371\u96aa\u6027\u3002\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
inline int square(int x) { return x * x; }<\/p>\n
macro \u5b9a\u7fa9\u51fa\u7684\u300c\u507d\u51fd\u5f0f\u300d\u81f3\u5c11\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e0b\u5217\u6578\u9805\u51fd\u5f0f\u672c\u6709\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1a<\/p>\n
(1) \u7121\u6cd5\u9032\u884c\u53c3\u6578\u578b\u5225\u7684\u6aa2\u67e5\u3002
\n(2) \u7121\u6cd5\u905e\u8ff4\u547c\u53eb\u3002
\n(3) \u7121\u6cd5\u7528 & \u52a0\u5728 macro name \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u51fd\u5f0f\u4f4d\u5740\u3002
\n(4) \u547c\u53eb\u6642\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5177\u6709 side effect \u7684\u5f15\u6578\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\uff08\u611f\u8b1d yaca \u7db2\u53cb\u63d0\u4f9b\uff09
\n#define MACRO(x) (((x) * (x)) - ((x) * (x)))
\nint main()
\n{
\nint x = 3;
\nprintf(\"%d\\n\", MACRO(++x));
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n
MACRO(++x) \u5c55\u958b\u4f86\u5f8c\u8b8a\u6210 (((++x) * (++x)) - ((++x) * (++x)))
\n\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e5d\u8aa1\u3002\u5728 gcc 4.3.3 \u4e0b\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u662f -24, \u5728 vc++ \u4e0b\u662f 0.<\/p>\n
\u5f8c\u8a18\uff1a\u5f9e\u300c\u53e4\u6642\u5019\u300d\u6d41\u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0<\/p>\n
\"The Ten Commandments for C Programmers\"(Annotated Edition)
\nby Henry Spencer
\nhttp:\/\/www.lysator.liu.se\/c\/ten-commandments.html<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d C \u7684\u521d\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5b83\u7279\u610f\u6a21\u4eff\u4e2d\u53e4\u82f1\u6587
\n\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u7528\u8a9e\uff0c\u5beb\u5f97\u6587\u8b05\u8b05\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u73fe\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u5beb\u4e86\u9019\u7bc7\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b
\n\u80fd\u6db5\u84cb\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u4ee5\u53ca\u521d\u5b78\u751a\u81f3\u8001\u624b\u6700\u6613\u72af\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6f58\u79d1\u5143(Khoguan Phuann) (c)2005. \u611f\u8b1d ptt.cc BBS \u7684 C_and_CPP
\n\u770b\u677f\u773e\u591a\u7db2\u53cb\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf6\u8cb4\u610f\u898b\u53ca\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
(1) \u672c\u7bc7\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9192\u65b0\u624b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u521d\u5b78\u5e38\u72af\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\uff08\u5176\u5be6\u8001\u624b\u4e5f\u5e38\u72af:-Q)\u3002 \u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u8acb\u81ea\u5df1\u597d\u597d\u7814\u8b80\u4e00 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-502","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-5"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn-house.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/502"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn-house.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn-house.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-house.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-house.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=502"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learn-house.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/502\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn-house.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=502"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-house.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=502"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-house.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=502"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}